塔里木河流域水资源利用与管理分析

在进行塔里木河流域水资源开发利用分析的基础上,总结了近年来塔里木河流域开发治理方面所做工作。指明了源流区大量开荒。自用水量急剧增加,导致汇入干流的水量减少;干流区上游引水过多,下游来水量急剧下降;流域内水利基础设施薄弱;缺乏流域总体规划等水资源开发中的主要问题,提出了提高水资源利用效率的措施包括实行全流域水资源的统一管理和配置;借助于水价和水权交易等手段,实现交易主体“双赢”;依靠技术创新和工程建设。实行维护生态与发展生产相结合等。

Studies on the Water Resources Utilization and Management in Tarim Watershed

Based on the survey on water resource exploitation and utilization in Tarim watershed, the experiences on the watershed management are summarized. The main problems in the course of water resource exploitation were demonstrated, such as, water amount run into the main stream was decreased as the reason of opening up wasteland in source stream area and rapid increment for self-utilization; entering water amount in the lower reach was sharply declined as the reason of water overuse in the upper reach of main stream; the infrastructure of water conservancy within the watershed was weak; the overall planning of watershed was absent. The countermeasures for raising water resource use efficiency included the unified water resource management and arrangement for the whole watershed; water right trade-off to achieve "win-win" goal; the integration between water resource conservation and development by technological innovation and engineering construction, and so on.