离子液体作为多功能助剂在白炭黑填充天然橡胶中的应用

以天然橡胶为基体,探究了离子液体对橡胶硫化、白炭黑分散性及白炭黑与橡胶界面相互作用的影响,对比了离子液体用量及烷基链长度对白炭黑填充天然橡胶的作用效果。通过硫化机理的研究及硫化特性的对比发现,溴化咪唑盐离子液体能够活化硫化反应,极大地提高了硫化速率和交联密度。离子液体与白炭黑之间存在离子偶极相互作用,佩恩(Payne)效应结果表明,离子液体能够改善白炭黑在天然橡胶中的分散,且随着用量及咪唑环烷基链长度的增加,改善效果越来越明显。通过结合胶含量测定和拉伸断裂表面观察可以得出,离子液体能够改善橡胶与填料的界面相容性。在离子液体3种功能的共同作用下,白炭黑填充天然橡胶复合物的拉伸强度最大增加了114%,撕裂强度最大增加了201%,邵坡尔(DIN)磨耗损失最大减少了50%;用量为3phr时,硫化胶的各项力学性能最佳。

Application of Ionic Liquid as Multifunctional Additive in Silica Filled Natural Rubber

The effects of ionic liquids on the vulcanization of rubber, dispersion of silica and interfacial interaction between silica and natural rubber(NR) were studied. The influence of the content of ionic liquids and the length of alkyl chains were compared. It is found that imidazole ionic liquids based on bromine ion can activate the vulcanization reaction, and greatly improve the vulcanization rate and crosslinking density according to the study on the vulcanization mechanism and comparison of vulcanization properties. There is an ionic dipole interaction between ionic liquids and silica, Payne effect results show that the ionic liquids can improve the dispersion of silica in natural rubber. And with the increase of dosage and the length of alkyl chains, the improvement effect is more and more obvious. The results show that ionic liquids can improve the interfacial compatibility between rubber and filler through the determination of bound rubber content and the observation of tensile fracture surface. Under the combination of three functions of ionic liquids, NR get the maximum increase of tensile strength and tear strength respectively by 114% and 201%, the maximum reduction of DIN wear loss by 50%. The mechanical properties of vulcanizates are best when the dosage is 3 phr.