自然语言处理技术在建筑工程中的应用研究综述

自然语言处理(NLP)可以将建设领域非结构化文档转化为结构化信息，方便相关从 业人员对建设项目进行高效的日常管理。近年来，NLP 相关算法得到了广泛的发展，但NLP 技术在建设领域中的研究还处于初级阶段。通过调研近十年关于NLP 在建筑工程的相关文献， 对国内外技术与应用层面的研究进行了梳理。介绍了NLP 的技术发展、常用方法及相关开源工 具实现的功能；并重点从统计分析工具、应用系统和其他3 方面对NLP 在建筑领域各阶段的应 用进行总结。此外，对建设领域NLP 应用存在的问题进行了讨论，总结原因并从技术、建筑业 和政府3 个方面提出了未来展望。

A review of natural language processing application in construction engineering

Natural language processing (NLP) can transform unstructured documents in the construction field into structured information, which is convenient for relevant practitioners to carry out daily management of construction projects. In recent years, NLP-related algorithms have been widely developed, but pertinent research in the construction field is still in its infancy. Through examining the past-decade literature on NLP in construction, the past research conducted on the technical level and application level at home and abroad was sorted out. The development, common methods and the open source tools of NLP were outlined. More importantly, the application of NLP in various stages of construction was summarized from the perspectives of statistical analysis tools, application systems and three other aspects. In addition, the extant problems of NLP in the construction field were discussed and future prospects were proposed from the three aspects of technology, construction industry and government.