基于国际经验的中国国家公园气候变化应对路径

国家公园等自然保护地既是气候变化影响的敏感区，也是减缓气候变化的重要载体。纵观世界上多个国家气候变化应对历程发现，国家公园等自然保护地是应对气候变化的先行者与探索者。而面对气候变化的重要议题，中国国家公园尚处于初步研究阶段，缺乏系统的应对战略。选取国家公园气候变化应对开展较早、体系完善及具有特色的6个国家和地区，梳理其战略、政策与实践经验，从科研、减缓、适应和教育4个方面总结其应对途径，并提出中国国家公园气候变化应对的4条路径：充分凝结共识，鼓励多方参与；夯实科研基础，形成前沿基地；战略规划指导，分级分区落实；适应减缓并重，提升气候能力。

Climate Change Response Strategies for National Parks in China Based on International Experience

National parks and other protected areas are sensitive to climate change and essential for mitigation of climate change. Reviewing the climate change response history in many countries, national parks and other protected areas played the role of pioneers and explorers. In contrast, China''s national parks are still at the preliminary research stage and lack of systematic and comprehensive response strategy. This study chooses six countries with early development, systematic strategy, or characteristics of climate change response in national parks, and analyzes their processes, policies, and practical experience. The paper summarizes their response ways from the four aspects of research, mitigation, adaptation, and education, and puts forward four paths for climate change response in China''s national parks: fully reaching consensus and encouraging multi-party participation; consolidating the research foundation and forming a cutting-edge base; strategic planning guidance and implementation at different levels and regions; paying equal attention to adaptation and mitigation and improving climate capacity.