基于行为特征与心理需求的儿童友好型 社区户外活动空间研究

“儿童友好城市建设”已被正式纳入中国的第十四个五年规划。系统化认知儿童日常户外行为需求及其与社区建成环境之间的矛盾对建设儿童友好型城市具有紧迫要义。基于儿童视角,以日常生活圈尺度的社区户外空间为研究对象,调研儿童日常户外行为特征、户外空间需求和满意度,从场地空间、土地利用、道路系统和边界空间4个层面采集社区建成环境各要素属性,经数据分析,明确影响儿童户外行为及满意度建成环境的关键指标,包括儿童适宜活动空间面积、周边建筑密度、步行道路连接度和边界空间出入口密度等,并在此基础上探讨提升社区户外空间儿童友好度的指标建议值及策略。

Study on Outdoor Activity Space of Child-friendly Community Based on Behavioral Characteristics and Psychological Needs

"Child-friendly city construction" has been formally included in the 14th Five-Year Plan of China. It is urgent to systematically understand the contradictions between the daily outdoor behavior needs of children and the community built environment from the perspective of children. The outdoor activity space of the community at the scale of daily life circle is taken as the research object to investigate children''s daily outdoor behavioral characteristics, outdoor space needs and satisfaction. The properties of various elements of the community built environment are collected from four aspects, including site space, land use, road system and edge space. The key indicators of built environment affecting children''s outdoor activities and satisfaction are identified based on data analysis, including the area of appropriate activity space for children, the density of surrounding buildings, pedestrian road connectivity and the density of entrances and exits in the edge space, etc. On this basis, optimization strategies to improve the child-friendliness of community outdoor activity space are discussed.