我国石油安全战略探讨

本文综合分析了我国石油短缺的原因,指出为保证石油安全,需要将石油短缺作为资源短缺的核心来制定各种战略;将石油安全问题分为石油高价位对经济运行安全的冲击和国际局势紧张时石油供应中断两个方面来考虑,以石油高价位对经济运行安全的冲击为应对重点,采取“以油赚汇、以汇买油”的战略减小运输风险、增加油品供应。同时采取技术与管理措施,提高能源效率,降低能耗。在综合考虑石油安全时将保障汽油柴油的安全作为石油安全的核心。加大石油资源勘探力度、开发非常规原油(如油砂、重油、油页岩)和替代液体油品(如煤液化油、水煤浆、甲醇、二甲醚、LPG、CNG、废塑料废轮胎裂解油、生物柴油、生物乙醇、生物质热解油品等)。

Discussion on China's Petroleum Security Strategy

The key factors causing China's petroleum shortage are comprehensive ly analyzed in this paper. Four proposals are brought out: First, the petroleum security should be taken as the core of China's overall energy strategy; Secondl y, the impacts of high petroleum price on the national economy could be partly d ealt with "exploiting petroleum resources at abroad and selling petroleum produc ts locally for obtaining the foreign currency, and then using the foreign curren cy to buy petroleum from our neighboring countries". Thirdly, the security of ga soline and diesel should beregarded as the key task while considering the petrol eum security. Fourthly, China should actively enhanced petroleum resources explo itation, exploit and use unconventional crude oil and alternative fuels, includi ng heavy oil, oil shale, water coal slurry, pyrolysis fuels from waste plastics and tires,bio-diesel, and fuels from biomass.