Mechanical properties of cellular ceramics obtained by gel casting: Characterization and modeling |
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| Authors: | C. Bartuli E. Bemporad J.M. Tulliani J. Tirillò G. Pulci M. Sebastiani |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Dept. of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy;2. Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Roma 3, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy;3. Dept. of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China;2. Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2032, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People’s Republic of China;2. Dental Department, Sichuan Province People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, People’s Republic of China;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410014, China;2. China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Departamento de Materiales, Óptica y Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche, Alicante 03202, Spain;2. Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. Ferrocarril s/n, Elche, Alicante 03202, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Dense and cellular ceramics were produced from yttria partially stabilized zirconia powders by gel-casting, using agar as a gelling agent and polyethylene spheres (125–300 μm diameter) as volatile pore forming agent to create 50–65 vol.% spherical macropores, uniformly distributed in a microporous matrix.The mechanical properties of both dense and porous samples were investigated at the microscale by nanoindentation testing. The influence of micro-porosity on the mechanical properties of samples was evaluated by the analysis of hardness and modulus depth profiles, coupled with FIB-SEM section observations of selected indentation marks. The intrinsic elastic modulus of the zirconia phase resulted to be of the order of 220 GPa. Mechanical characterization at the macroscale consisted of uniaxial compression tests and four point bending tests. Elastic moduli of about 170 GPa were measured for about 93% dense ceramics, lowering down to 44 and 13 GPa with the addition 50 and 65 vol.% macropores, respectively. Digital image based finite element analysis (DIB-FEA) procedures were implemented in order to verify their applicability for the prediction of mechanical behavior of this type of cellular materials: results confirmed that a very good match between measured and calculated values of elastic modulus can be achieved, provided that the effects of micro-porosity are considered by the proper choice of the elastic properties to be assigned to each individual phase identified by Image Analysis. |
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