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Estimate of aflatoxin M1 exposure in milk and occurrence in Brazil
Authors:Luzia Shundo  Sandra Aparecida Navas  Leda Conceição A. Lamardo  Valter Ruvieri  Myrna Sabino
Affiliation:1. Department of Food Science & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan;2. Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA;3. Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, UK;1. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lazar Pop-Trajkov 5-7, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;2. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;1. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;2. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Prague, Czech Republic;1. Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan;2. Food Toxicology Lab., Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), P.O. Box 128, Faisalabad 38950, Pakistan;3. Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, New York University, USA;1. School of Chemical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;2. Mycotoxin Analytical Centre, Chemistry Department, Penang Branch, Jalan Tull, 10450, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;3. Department of Chemistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan;4. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;1. Department Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran;3. Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran;4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;6. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran;7. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;8. Environmental Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran;9. Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran;10. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;11. Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80. Caixa Postal: 6121, CEP: 13083-862, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Abstract:The presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was investigated in 125 samples of powdered milk, pasteurized milk and ultra high treated (UHT) milk in the city of São Paulo, and estimates of AFM1 intake were assessed. The samples were analysed using an immunoaffinity column for cleanup and a HPLC-FLD for determining AFM1. The quantification limit was 10 ng/kg. AFM1 was found in 119 (95.2%) at levels ranging from 10 to 200 ng/kg with mean concentration of 31 ng/kg. The average daily intake estimated for AFM1 was 1 ng/kg bw per day for children and 0.188 ng/kg bw per day for adults.
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