Materials and technological evolution of ancient cobalt-blue-decorated ceramics: Pigments and work patterns in tin-glazed objects from Aragon (Spain) from the 15th to the 18th century AD |
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| Authors: | J Pérez-Arantegui B Montull M Resano JM Ortega |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;2. SAET, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 44003 Teruel, Spain;1. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8233, MONARIS, 75005 Paris, France;2. CNRS-IP2CT, UMR 8233, MONARIS, 75005 Paris, France;3. Département du Patrimoine et des Collections de la Cité de la Céramique, 92310 Sèvres, France;1. Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96 Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China;2. Anhui Museum, No. 268, Huaining Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China;1. Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 138634 Singapore;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore;1. Wolfson College, Linton Road, Oxford, OX2 6UD, UK;2. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK;3. Khalili Research Centre for the Art and Material Culture of the Middle East, 3 St John Street, Oxford, OX1 2LG, UK |
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| Abstract: | Cobalt-blue-decorated ceramics with tin glazes have been produced in the Iberian Peninsula since the 14th century AD and in Aragon region since the 15th century until the present time. An important ceramic trade was developed and relations with potters of other important production centres were established. Representative objects from archaeological findings could help in drawing conclusions on the technology used in the manufacture of blue-decoration ceramics. In this work, the composition of bodies and glazes of more than fifty samples of blue-decorated ceramics from Aragon was determined by ICPAES and EDX–Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on this information, different ceramic groups could be appreciated and reference values valuable for the subsequent study of the blue decorations by means of other techniques, such as laser ablation (LA)–ICPMS, were also obtained. In particular, the data obtained permitted to unequivocally establish the use of three different types of cobalt pigments, with clear changes between areas and periods. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this evolution in the nature of the blue pigments was related to a different procedure when decorating the object, namely the application of the pigments and the drawing the designs before (under glaze) or after (on glaze) covering the ceramic with the tin glaze. |
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