U型堰进水口防涡墩试验研究

进水口漩涡是一种常见的水力学问题。以辽宁省清河分水口工程为研究背景,采用物理模型试验的方法,在大比尺为1/10的模型条件下对分流堰部位的进水口漩涡进行了重点试验研究。通过对原设计方案的相对临界淹没水深、速度与环量、进水口边界条件3个漩涡成因进行分析,从边界条件的角度出发提出了修改方案下边墙段的截弯取直、U型堰与防涡墩相结合的消涡方法。试验结果证明,修改方案不仅避免了进水口初始环量的产生,改善了整个分水口的水流流态,同时还优化了进口边界条件,显著地达到了消除进水口漩涡的目的。

Experimental Study on Anti-swirl Pier at the Intake of U-shaped Diversion Weir

Intake vortex is a hydraulic problem which is common in actual project. In order to solve the problem, we take Qinghe water diversion project, located in Liaoning province, as research background. By using physical model test with big scale of 1∶10, we lay emphasis on intake vortex in diversion weir. There are three causes of vortex in original scheme: relative critical submerged water depth, velocity and circulation, and intake boundary condition. From the perspective of boundary condition, we analyze these causes and propose modified anti-swirl scheme, which contains side wall segment straightening and U-shaped diversion weir with anti-swirl pier. Experimental results prove that the modified scheme can be used to avoid initial circulation at intake and improve the flow pattern throughout diversion intake, in the same time, we can use it to optimize intake boundary conditions and significantly eliminate vortex at water inlet.