Identification of a novel moth sex pheromone inEriocrania cicatricella (Zett.) (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae) and its phylogenetic implications |
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Authors: | Junwei Zhu Mikhail V Kozlov Peter Philipp Wittko Francke Christer Löfstedt |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Ecology, Lund University, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden;(2) Laboratory of Ecological Zoology, Biological Faculty, University of Turku, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland;(3) Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany;(4) Institute for Plant Protection, Pushkin 8, 189620 St. Petersburg, Russia |
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Abstract: | Extracts from different body parts of adult femaleEriocrania cicatricella (Zett.) were tested for electrophysiological activity on conspecific male antennae. Extracts from the Vth abdominal segment, containing a pair of exocrine glands, elicited the largest electroantennographic response when compared to extracts of other body parts. Female extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with simultaneous flame ionization and electroantennographic detection (EAD). The EAD active peaks were identified as (Z)-4-hepten-2-one, (2R)-heptane-2-ol, and (2R)-(Z)-4-hepten-2-ol by coinjection on a gas chromatography and by comparison of mass spectra with those of synthetic standards. In field tests, a blend of these three pheromone components was highly attractive to conspecific males, and a subtractive assay confirmed that the unsaturated alcohol is the major pheromone component, whereas no definite behavioral activity could be assigned to the ketone or the saturated alcohol. A bait containing the two alcohols withS-configuration was attractive to maleE. sparrmannella (Bosc), whereas no males ofE. cicatricella were found in these traps. The sex pheromone compounds inE. cicatricella are chemically similar to pheromones reported in Trichoptera and they are produced in homologous glands. |
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Keywords: | Eriocrania cicatricella Eriocrania sparrmannella Eriocraniidae Lepidoptera sex pheromone EAG GC-EAD mass spectrometry synthesis evolution (Z)-4-hepten-2-one (2R)-heptan-2-ol (2R)-(Z)-4-hepten-2-ol |
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