The plastic-crystalline phase of succinonitrile as a universal matrix for solid-state ionic conductors |
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Authors: | Alarco Pierre-Jean Abu-Lebdeh Yaser Abouimrane Ali Armand Michel |
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Affiliation: | International Laboratory on Electro-Active Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal H3C 3J7, Canada. |
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Abstract: | Solid ionic conductors are actively sought for their potential application in electrochemical devices, particularly lithium batteries. We have found high ionic conductivity for a large variety of salts dissolved in the highly polar medium based on the plastic-crystal form of succinonitrile (Ntriple bond]Cbond]CH(2)bond]CH(2)bond]Ctriple bond]N). Its high diffusivity, plasticity and solvating power allowed the preparation of a large number of materials with high ionic conductivity, reaching values of 3 mS cm(-1) at 25 degrees C (two orders of magnitude above polymers). Their ease of preparation and processing allowed us to study the influence of the solute on ionic conduction within this medium. Comparisons revealed a dichotomy between plastic crystals and conventional polymer media. The usefulness of these new, easily processed electrolytes was asserted in electrochemical tests with lithium intercalation electrodes. |
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