基于对称平衡不完全区组设计的无线传感器网络密钥预分配方案

针对无线传感器网络的密钥预分配问题,利用哈达玛矩阵,设计实现了新的基于组合设计方法的密钥预分配方案--基于对称平衡不完全区组设计的密钥预分配方案sBIBDHadamard KPS系列方案.首先,sBIBDHadamard KPS改进了现有多数方案只能共享单个密钥的问题,并实现了同等节点密钥组长度和共享密钥强度下,比现有支持多密钥共享的随机预分配方案更高的共享概率和更小的密钥路径长度,并且只要求大于2的节点邻居度数;其次,sBIBDHadamard KPS提出了一种实时合成共享密钥的方法,在节点密钥组物理长度不变的前提下,大大扩大了共享密钥选择空间,提高了安全强度;最后,sBIBDHadamard KPS使用补集设计和密钥分片两种方法进行扩展设计,实现了对较大网络规模的支持,并且在一定程度上优化了能量消耗.

A Key Pre-Distribution Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on the Symmetric Balanced Incomplete Block Design

This paper focuses on key pre-distribution,a foundational problem of security in wireless sensor networks.A novel key pre-distribution scheme named sBIBDHadamard KPS was devised by authors based on combinatorial designs technique.The essence of sBIBDHadamard KPS is constructing symmetric balanced incomplete block design with Hadamard matrix and mapping it to a key pre-distribution scheme.The derivation and data illuminated that sBIBDHadamard KPS and its extended versions improvement themselves than the most scheme in existence,mainly on three facets.First,sBIBDHadamard KPS make the pair sensor nodes to share common keys at a higher sharing probability with the same key chain size,and achieved a smaller average key path length,especially to do all of that without asking for a node neighbor degree more than 2.Second,sBIBDHadamard KPS make the pair sensor nodes to share more than one keys,and by carrying out a particular method to compositing the common key in time,it enhanced the security by enlarged the key space in the face of attacks using key analyzing.Finally,sBIBDHadamard KPS upgrade itself to support many more nodes by two means named complementary set design and key slicing,and optimize the energy expenditure at the same time.