高温水配制压裂液技术研究与现场应用

苏北盆地阜二段储层原油具有高凝固点、不含沥青质和低含硫的特点，常温水配制压裂液易对储层造成冷伤害。笔者对压裂液冷伤害控制进行了优化，分析了瓜胶在高温水中的分散机理，并用高温水配制了压裂液。考察了高温水对瓜胶压裂液表观黏度、溶胀时间、剪切黏度、悬砂时间、破胶液黏度和岩心伤害等因素的影响，形成了70℃高温水配制热压裂液技术。现场应用表明，高温水配制压裂液技术有效地降低了储层冷伤害，提高了压裂效果。 

Preparation of Fracturing Fluids with Hot Water

Reservoirs in the Fuer member in Subei basin produce oils with high pour point, no asphaltene and low sulfur. Fracturing fluids prepared with water of normal temperature render "cold" damage to the producibility of the reservoirs. By optimizing the method of preventing "cold" damage from fracturing operation and analyzing the mechanisms of dispersion of guar gum in hot water, a fracturing fluid was prepared with hot water. Studies were performed on the effects of hot water on the properties of guar gum fracturing fluid, such as apparent viscosity, time for swelling, shear viscosity, time of sand suspending, viscosity of fluid with gel broken as well as core damage etc., and a technology of preparing fracturing fluid with water of 70℃ was established. Field application showed that the fracturing fluid prepared with hot water effectively prevented "cold" damage to the reservoirs. Production rate of oil after fracturing job was 6.8 m3/d, 2 times of the production rate of the reservoirs fractured with fracturing fluids prepared with water of normal temperature, demonstrating that the hot water fracturing fluid has presented good potential in enhancing oil recovery.