钛合金薄壁微铣削精度研究现状与发展趋势

随着航空、航天、船舶等工程领域对具有薄壁结构的钛合金零件需求的不断提高,加工效率相对较高且适用于曲面等复杂几何形状制造的微铣削加工方法在钛合金薄壁加工中获得了广泛的应用。然而由于其刚度较低,在微铣削加工钛合金薄壁时极易产生工件变形、失稳和振动等问题,并导致加工精度的下降。为此从理论建模、有限元仿真和试验测量三个方面分析了国内外弱刚度金属薄壁微铣削技术研究的现状。相关研究表明,在加工过程中对薄壁变形进行准确预测对于薄壁微铣削加工误差补偿模型的建立与薄壁加工精度的提高具有重要意义。并指出,在获得数学规律的基础上对薄壁微铣削加工变形和该变形对加工精度造成的影响之间蕴含的物理关系仍有待进一步的研究。

Research status and development trend of micro-milling precision of titanium alloy thin-walled parts

With the continuous improvement of the demand for titanium alloy parts with thin-walled structure in the engineering fields such as aviation,aerospace and shipping,the machining efficiency is relatively higher and the micro-milling method suitable for the manufacturing of complex geometric shapes such as curved surface has been widely used in the titanium alloy thin-wall machining.However,due to its low stiffness,the deformation,instability and vibration of workpiece can easily occur when the titanium alloy thin-walled parts are machined by micro-milling,and the machining accuracy is reduced.In this paper,the status of research on thin-walled micro-milling with weak stiffness at home and abroad is analyzed from three aspects:theoretical modeling,finite element simulation and experimental measurement.It is shown that accurate prediction of thin-walled deformation in machining process is of great significance to the establishment of error compensation model and improvement of machining accuracy.It is pointed out that the physical relationship between the deformation of thin-walled micro-milling and the effect of the deformation on the machining accuracy is still to be further studied.