新型热泵干燥系统的金丝皇菊干燥实验

目的 为研究热泵在中药材干燥中的性能,并针对批式干燥器干燥不均匀的问题,设计开发一套能够均匀干燥物料的热泵干燥系统.方法 以金丝皇菊为干燥材料,对热泵干燥设备进行实验研究,并对系统的送风温湿度均匀性、系统能效和物料品质进行分析.结果 该系统干燥过程的温湿度、物料含水率的均匀性和温度控制精度都很高,主机室的温度、湿度稳定,且显著高于外界环境,这不仅避免了热泵系统受外界环境因素的影响,且提供了稳定的运行环境.热泵干燥机组的能效约为5.88,系统能效约为1.32,除湿能耗约为0.66 kg/(kW·h).干燥后的金丝皇菊花瓣未出现明显的色差、卷曲和破损现象,干花的完整度高.结论 新型热泵干燥系统能够满足金丝皇菊的工艺要求,最终得到的金丝皇菊的干燥品质较高.该研究为热泵技术在中药材干燥领域的应用提供实际案例和技术参考.

Experiment of Drying Imperial Chrysanthemum in Novel Heat Pump Dryer

The work aims to design and develop a heat pump drying system that can dry materials uniformly, in order to study the performance of heat pump in drying Chinese herbal medicines and solve the problem of uneven drying in batch dryers. Imperial chrysanthemum was used as the drying material to carry out experimental study on the heat pump dryer and analyze the uniformity of air temperature and humidity, system energy efficiency and material quality. The drying process had high uniformity of temperature, humidity and material moisture content and high temperature control precision. The temperature and humidity of the unit room were stable and significantly higher than that of surroundings, which not only prevented the heat pump system from being affected by environmental factors, but also provided a stable operating environment. The energy efficiency of a single heat pump drying unit was about 5.88, but the heating efficiency of the system was about 1.32, and the specific moisture extraction rate was about 0.66 kg/(kW.h). The dried Imperial chrysanthemum had no observable color difference, contraction and breakage, and had high integrity. The novel heat pump drying system can meet the process requirements of Imperial chrysanthemum, and the drying quality is pretty good. This experimental study provides practical case and technical reference for the drying process of Chinese herbal medicines by heat pump.