电动汽车热管理系统的研究现状及展望

电动汽车正面临着前所未有的发展机遇,但在实际应用中,电动汽车仍然有一些亟待解决的问题,比如在极端的气候和驾驶条件下电池性能恶化,在低温环境下热泵系统效率急剧下降以及车外换热器的除霜问题等等。因此,对电动汽车热管理系统的研究是解决电动汽车实际应用的关键。本文总结了国内外电动汽车热管理系统的研究成果,从基本的三电(电池、电机/电控)热管理、热泵空调到集成热管理系统,对现有的研究现状进行了综述分析,并对未来电动汽车热管理系统的发展方向和趋势进行了预测和展望,对于今后电动汽车热管理系统的研究和工程应用具有指导意义。

Research status and prospect of electric vehicle thermal management system

Electric vehicle(EV)are facing unprecedented development opportunities.However,there are some essential issues need to be broken in practical applications,such as battery performance deterioration in extreme climate areas and driving conditions,heat pump lower efficiency and defrosting problems of external heat exchanger under low temperature conditions,etc.Therefore,research on the thermal management system of EVs is the key to solving the practical application of EVs.This paper summarizes the research results of electric vehicle thermal management systems at home and abroad,from the basic three-electric system’s(battery,motor/electric control)thermal management and heat pump to integrated thermal management system,the current research status is reviewed,respectively.The development direction and trend of the future EV thermal management system are discussed.It has guiding significance for the future research and engineering application of EV thermal management system.