细菌耐药性的拉曼光谱快速检测研究进展

目前，伴随抗生素滥用而诱发的细菌耐药性问题变得日趋严重，对人类生命健康造成巨大的威胁.临床上，快速检测致病菌及其耐药性是快速诊断病因和“精准用药”的关键.然而，现行主流通用的培养法无法满足快速检测的需求，拉曼光谱作为一种振动光谱技术，具有快速检测的优点，通过特定的光谱模式识别，在细菌检测、鉴别、分类、代谢等方面的应用发展迅速，同时，纳米增强技术及仪器小型化的发展，为实现致病菌及其耐药性的现场、快速、准确鉴别提供了巨大的发展空间.对拉曼光谱的原理进行简单介绍，重点围绕拉曼光谱技术在细菌耐药性快速检测方面的研究进行综述.

Interconnected microbiomes and resistomes in low-income human habitats

The bacterial antibiotic resistances derived from antibiotic abuse become a serious issue in recent years, which in turn decreasing the selectivity of commonly used antibiotics in clinic, and increasing the burden of patients and even the risk of mortality. Rapid detection of pathogen and its drug resistances is the most pivotal to accurately diagnose and rationally prescribe the drugs. However, the existing cultural methods cannot meet the requirements for rapid diagnosis and it is urgent to develop a new method for rapid detection of bacterial antibotic resistances. Raman spectroscopy is a vibrationial spectroscopic technology with the advantages of rapid detection and high specificity. It has achieved fruitful results in the fast discrimination of bacterial pathogens, and has been applied in the microbiological metabolism studies recently. With the development of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and the miniature and portable instrument, it will favor to rapid and on-site detection of pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotic resistances. This review briefly introduced the principle of Raman spectroscopy, and mainly focused on the research progress of the bacterial antibiotic resistances achieved by Raman spectroscopic technology.