小麦酯酶提取及其对有机磷农药检测初探

研究从小麦面粉提取小麦酯酶提取条件及其粗酶液对4种有机磷农药最低检测限和灵敏度。运用单因素实验和正交实验对小麦酯酶提取条件进行优化,确定适宜提取条件,提取液为0.15 mol/L NaCl溶液、料液比1∶4、40℃振荡提取60 min,提取粗酶液酶活为1.675 U/mL;并确定粗酶液对敌敌畏、敌百虫、乐果和毒死蜱等4种有机磷农药最低检测限分别为0.05 mg/kg、0.04 mg/kg、0.05 mg/kg和0.07 mg/kg,均低于国家规定农药最大残留量,且粗酶液对敌敌畏灵敏度最佳。

Extraction of wheat esterase and detection of organophosphorus pesticide

The extraction conditions of from wheat flour and the sensitivity and limit of detection of crude wheat esterase on four organophosphate pesticides were studied.Single factor experiments and orthogonal experiment methods were used to optimize the extraction conditions of wheat esterase.The optimum extraction conditions were that the extractant was 0.15 mol/L NaCl,1∶5 solid–liquid ratio,stirred for 60min under 40℃.The enzyme activity of crude wheat esterase was up to 1.675 U/ml.The limit of detection of crude wheat esterase on dichlorvos,trichlorfon,dimethoate,and chlorpyrifos was 0.05 mg/kg,0.04 mg/kg,0.05 mg/kg and 0.07 mg/kg,respectively,and less than the maximum residue by their national–standards.The best sensitivity organophosphorus pesticide to crude wheat esterase was dichlorvos.