两个普洱茶品种的代谢物比较分析

该研究利用代谢组学的技术手段对两个通过群体选育获得的云南普洱茶优良品种进行分析，结果表明：品种1（桃形叶）共检测和定量了798种代谢物，品种3（云瑰）共检测和定量了802种代谢物，二者之间有202种显著变化的代谢物（SCMs），品种1（桃形叶）较品种3（云瑰）有108种SCMs的丰度显著降低，而有94种显著增加。这些SCMs按照数量的多少通常可以分为黄酮、酚酸类、脂质、氨基酸及其衍生物、木脂素和香豆素、有机酸、生物碱、核苷酸及其衍生物、鞣质和其他类。且差异代谢物在49条KEGG通路中富集，大多数已经鉴定的差异代谢物存在于苯丙烷类生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢、类黄酮的生物合成（包括黄酮及黄酮醇的生物合成），及氨基酸的生物合成等代谢途径中。这些显著差异代谢物可以用于为品种1（桃形叶）与品种3（云瑰）的监控茶叶适制性和品质控制提供理论依据和科学指导。

Comparative Analysis of the Metabolites in Two Varieties of Pu-erh Tea

In this research, metabolomic techniques and tools were used to analyze two excellent varieties of Yunnan Pu-erh tea obtained through population breeding. The results showed that: A total of 798 metabolites were detected and quantified in cultivar 1 (Taoxingye), and 802 metabolites were detected and quantified in cultivar 3 (Yungui). There were 202 metabolites (SCMs) with significant changes between the two cultivars. The abundance of 108 SCMs in cultivar 1 (Taoxingye) was significantly lower than that in cultivar 3 (Yungui), with 94 increasing significantly. According to their quantities, these SCMS can usually be divided into flavonoids, phenolic acids, lipids, amino acids and their derivatives, lignans and coumarins, organic acids, alkaloids, nucleotides and their derivatives, tannins and other classes. In addition, differential metabolites were enriched in 49 KEGG pathways, and most of the identified differential metabolites exist in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis (including flavone biosynthesis and flavonol biosynthesis), amino acid biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways. The results of these significantly different metabolites can be used to provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for monitoring tea adaptability and quality control of cultivar 1(Taoxingye) and cultivar 3(Yungui).