沙尘环境对金属抗磨损特性的影响

通过向摩擦副所在隔离空间内鼓沙的方式实现对自然沙尘环境的模拟。在沙尘环境和干摩擦情况下,对比研究了随着载荷的增加,沙尘环境的存在对C52100铜、2124铝、AISI-1045钢、Z25铸铁、AISI-52100钢5种不同硬度的典型金属抗磨损行为的影响。结果表明,在沙尘条件下,5种金属的磨损率随载荷的变化呈现一定的变化规律,C52100铜和52100钢的磨损率均随载荷的增加而减小,2124铝和Z25铸铁的磨损率随载荷的增加而增大,而1045钢的磨损率则先增大后减小,但磨损率随载荷变化非常小。沙尘的存在使52100钢、1045钢和Z25铸铁的磨损率比干摩擦条件下有大幅度的减小,但是却加剧了2124铝在较高载荷下的磨损,这说明对不同的材料而言,沙尘所起的作用是不同的,它可能会加剧材料的磨损,但也有可能提高材料的抗磨损性能。

Effect of Sand-dust Environment on the Abrasive Wear Behavior of Several Metallic Materials

The simulated sand-dust environment was performed in a sealed attachment,in which the frictional pair runs,by inletting air into it.Under dry sliding and sand-dust condition,the wear resistance of C52100 copper alloy,2124 aluminum alloy,Z25 cast iron,AISI-1045 steel and AISI-52100 steel was comparatively estimated with the increasing load.The results indicate that the wear rate of C52100 Cu and AISI-52100 steel decreases with the normal load while the wear rate of 2124 Al and Z25 cast iron increases with the load.In addition,the wear rate of AISI-1045 steel initially increases then decreases with the load but the variation is minor.The wear rate of Z25 cast iron,AISI-1045 steel and AISI-52100 steel is less under sand-dust than under dry sliding condition while the wear rate of 2124 Al is larger at high load under the sand-dust than under dry sliding condition,which demonstrates that the sand-dust has different effect on different materials by way of deteriorating or enhancing the wear resistance of materials.