Influence of temperature and electrolyte on the performance of activated-carbon supercapacitors |
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| Affiliation: | 1. HRL Laboratories, LLC, 3011 Malibu Canyon Road, Malibu, CA 90265, USA;2. Materials and Processes Lab, 480 106 224, General Motors Corporation, R&D Center, 30500 Mound Road, P.O. Box 9055, Warren, MI 48090-9055, USA;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of XinJiang Bingtuan, Engineering Research Center of Materials–Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi 832003, China;2. Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 300072, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China;4. Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of HongKong, Shatian, NewTerritories, Hong Kong, China;5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States;1. CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France;2. Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, France;1. Bioprocess, Environmental and Chemical Technologies Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK;2. STU Centre for Nanodiagnostics, University Science Park Bratislava Centre, Slovak University of Technology, Vazovova 5, 812 43, Bratislava, Slovakia;3. Instituto Nacional del Carbón (INCAR-CSIC), Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain;4. Danubia NanoTech s.r.o., Ilkovičova 3, 84104, Bratislava, Slovakia;5. Composites Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7, UK;1. CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France;2. CIRIMAT UMR 5085, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France;3. RS2E, Réseau Français sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie, FR CNRS 3459, France |
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| Abstract: | For hybrid electric vehicle traction applications, energy storage devices with high power density and energy efficiency are required. A primary attribute of supercapacitors is that they retain their high power density and energy efficiency even at −30 °C, the lowest temperature at which unassisted starting must be provided to customers. More abuse-tolerant electrolytes are preferred to the high-conductivity acetonitrile-based systems commonly employed. Propylene carbonate based electrolytes are a promising alternative. In this work, we compare the electrochemical performance of two high-power density electrical double layer supercapacitors employing acetonitrile and propylene carbonate as solvents. From this study, we are able to elucidate phenomena that control the resistance of supercapacitor at lower temperatures, and quantify the difference in performance associated with the two electrolytes. |
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