Operation of PEM fuel cells at 120–150 °C to improve CO tolerance |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;2. Florida Solar Energy Center, University of Central Florida, Cocoa, FL 32922, USA;1. Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico;2. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico;1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;2. The Chemical Engineering College of Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;1. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;2. Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;1. VTT – Technical Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 3-5, 02044 Espoo, Finland;2. LEPABE – Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Ambiente, Biotecnologia e Energia, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;3. Departamento de Química, Escola de Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, 5001-801 Vila-Real Codex, Portugal;1. Institute of Engineering and Energy Technologies, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, PA1 2BE, UK;2. School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, UK;3. School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK;4. Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates |
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| Abstract: | Sulfonic acid modified perfluorocarbon polymer proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells operated at elevated temperatures (120–150 °C) can greatly alleviate CO poisoning on anode catalysts. However, fuel cells with these PEMs operated at elevated temperature and atmospheric pressure typically experience low relative humidity (RH) and thus have increased membrane and electrode resistance. To operate PEM fuel cells at elevated temperature and high RH, work is needed to pressurize the anode and cathode reactant gases, thereby decreasing the efficiency of the PEM fuel cell system. A liquid-fed hydrocarbon-fuel processor can produce reformed gas at high pressure and high relative humidity without gas compression. If the anode is fed with this high-pressure, high-relative humidity stream, the water in the anode compartment will transport through the membrane and into the ambient pressure cathode structure, decreasing the cell resistance. This work studied the effect of anode pressurization on the cell resistance and performance using an ambient pressure cathode. The results show that high RH from anode pressurization at both 120 and 150 °C can decrease the membrane resistance and therefore increase the cell voltage. A cell running at 150 °C obtains a cell voltage of 0.43 V at 400 mA cm?2 even with 1% CO in H2. The results presented here provide a concept for the application of a coupled steam reformer and PEM fuel cell system that can operate at 150 °C with reformate and an atmospheric air cathode. |
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