A River-wide Survey of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Polycylic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Selected Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Sediments of the Detroit River—1999 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO – CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina;2. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000DIC Bahía Blanca, Argentina;3. Universidad de la Fraternidad de Agrupaciones Santo Tomás de Aquino, Gascón 3145, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina;4. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – FRBB, 11 de Abril 445, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina;5. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales (ANCEFN), Av. Alvear 1711, 1014 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina;6. Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000DIC Bahía Blanca, Argentina;1. Environmental Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen''s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada;2. Cataraqui Region Conservation Authority, P.O. Box 160, Glenburnie, ON K0H 1S0, Canada;3. National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada;1. Eco-PRocédés, Optimisation et Aide à la Décision (EPROAD, EA4669), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, IUT de l''Aisne, 48 rue d''Ostende, 02100 Saint-Quentin, France;2. Laboratory of Materials & Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, BP 89 University of Sidi Bel–Abbes 22000, Algeria;1. IPMA, Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Division of Environmental Oceanography and Bioprospection, Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal;2. CIIMAR, Marine and Environmental Research Center, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal;3. IPMA, Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Marine Geology and Geological Georesources Division, Avenida de Brasília s/n, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal;4. Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The spatial distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and octachlorostyrene (OCS) in sediments of the Detroit River was established using data from a 1999 river-wide survey. The survey employed a stratified random sampling design that divided the river into six geostatistical zones consisting of upper, middle, and lower U.S. and equivalent Canadian river reaches. Organic carbon normalized OCS sediment concentrations demonstrated no significant differences between U.S. or Canadian sediments or upstream/downstream gradients suggesting that OCS is derived primarily from sources upstream of the Detroit River. In contrast, sum PCBs and sum PAHs were significantly elevated at U.S. as compared to Canadian stations and demonstrated significant increasing upstream/downstream gradients in organic carbon normalized sediment contamination. The upper and middle U.S. river reaches contained a number of near-shore stations with high localized PCB and PAH sediment concentrations suggesting multiple inputs along the upper U.S. portion of the river. Consistent with past surveys, wide-spread sediment contamination of PCBs and PAHs continues to be observed in the highly industrialized Trenton Channel and downstream of Grosse Isle. Threshold effect level (TEL) sediment quality guidelines for PAHs and PCBs were exceeded in 92.6 and 77.8%, respectively, of stations in Trenton Channel and downstream of Grosse Isle. This large reservoir of degraded sediments in the lower U.S. river reach has the potential to enter Lake Erie during sediment disturbance events and likely contributes to gentoxic stress and increased bioaccumulation of PCBs in resident benthos, fish, and wildlife. |
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