Fuel processors for fuel cell APU applications |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Fraunhofer ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany;2. Ansaldo Fuel Cells S.p.A., I-16152 Genova, Italy;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon-Pathom, 73000, Thailand;2. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand;1. Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain;2. Adelan Ltd, Unit 10 Weekin Works, 112-116 Park Hill Road, Birmingham, B17 9HD, UK;1. Omer Halisdemir University, Prof. Dr. T. Nejat Veziroglu Clean Energy Research Center, 51245, Nigde, Turkey;2. Duzce University, Mechanical Engineering Department, 81620, Duzce, Turkey;3. Omer Halisdemir University, Mechanical Engineering Department, 51245, Nigde, Turkey;1. Institut für Thermodynamik, Gottfried Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 36, D-30167 Hannover, Germany;2. ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH, Hermann-Blohm-Strasse 3, D-20457 Hamburg, Germany;1. The University of Texas-Tyler, 3900 University Blvd, Tyler, TX 75799, United States;2. Texas State University, MSEC Department, 601 University Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666, United States;1. AVL List GmbH, Hans List Platz 1, 8020 Graz, Austria;2. Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG, Germany;3. VolvoTechnology AB, Sweden;4. Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The conversion of liquid hydrocarbons to a hydrogen rich product gas is a central process step in fuel processors for auxiliary power units (APUs) for vehicles of all kinds. The selection of the reforming process depends on the fuel and the type of the fuel cell.For vehicle power trains, liquid hydrocarbons like gasoline, kerosene, and diesel are utilized and, therefore, they will also be the fuel for the respective APU systems.The fuel cells commonly envisioned for mobile APU applications are molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Since high-temperature fuel cells, e.g. MCFCs or SOFCs, can be supplied with a feed gas that contains carbon monoxide (CO) their fuel processor does not require reactors for CO reduction and removal. For PEMFCs on the other hand, CO concentrations in the feed gas must not exceed 50 ppm, better 20 ppm, which requires additional reactors downstream of the reforming reactor.This paper gives an overview of the current state of the fuel processor development for APU applications and APU system developments. Furthermore, it will present the latest developments at Fraunhofer ISE regarding fuel processors for high-temperature fuel cell APU systems on board of ships and aircrafts. |
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