Modelling the influence of seiche-events on phosphorous-loading dynamics in three Lake Ontario coastal wetlands |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 0G5, Canada;2. Toronto and Region Conservation Authority, 101 Exchange Avenue, Vaughan, Ontario L4K 5R6, Canada;1. Department of Biology, University of Minnesota, Duluth Campus, 207 Swenson Science Building, 1035 Kirby Dr, Duluth, MN 55812, United States;2. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Fisheries Management, La Crosse, WI 54603, United States;3. The Brule River Sportsmen''s Club, 6460 E. County Hwy B, South Range, WI 54874, United States;4. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Lodi Fish and Wildlife Office, 850 South Guild Ave. Suite 105, Lodi, CA 95240, United States;1. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Lake Huron Fisheries Research Station, 160 East Fletcher Street, Alpena, MI 49707, USA;2. Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Quantitative Fisheries Center, 375 Wilson Road, 101 UPLA Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;1. Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States;2. Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States;3. Fisheries Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Gaylord, MI 49735, United States;4. Fisheries Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Oden State Fish Hatchery, Alanson, MI 49706, United States;1. University of Michigan 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States;2. Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR), University of Michigan, 4840 South State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, United States;3. NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 4840, S. State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, United States;4. Michigan State University, Department of Integrative Biology, Kelzlogg Biological Station, United States;1. Department of Environmental Science, Penn State Erie – The Behrend College, Erie, PA 16563, USA;2. Department of Mathematics, Penn State Erie – The Behrend College, Erie, PA 16563, USA |
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| Abstract: | Coastal Wetlands (CWs) provide critical ecosystem services that maintain biogeochemical processes and habitats in the coastal zone of the Great Lakes. When nutrient-laden surface waters flow into CWs from their watersheds, internal physical, chemical, and biological processes can alter the final nutrient loadings to the lake. However, CWs can periodically be inundated with lake water from seiche events, and little is known about the impacts of seiches on nutrient processing and loadings from CWs. To evaluate the influence of lake seiches on CW phosphorous-loading dynamics, we built a multi group structural equation model (SEM) using climatic and wave data, and interannual (2009–2018) estimated sediment and phosphorous loadings from three CWs on the north-shore of central Lake Ontario (Rouge Marsh, Duffin’s Marsh, and Carruthers Marsh). Wind speeds, lake levels, and an increased peak period of wave spectra were significant explanatory variables of seiche events (p-value < 0.001). We identified that seiche events caused significant sediment resuspension (p-value < 0.001) in CWs, which contributed to a significant increase of phosphorous loading to the coastal zone of Lake Ontario (p-value < 0.001). Our results indicate that lake-seiche events can influence CW phosphorous-loadings to Lake Ontario, and should be considered when modelling water quality in the nearshore zone. |
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| Keywords: | Laurentian Great Lakes Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Seiche Climate change Nearshore Ecosystem services |
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