Effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on sludge properties and their role in bioflocculation and settling |
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Authors: | B.Q. Liao H.J. LinS.P. Langevin W.J. GaoG.G. Leppard |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1 b National Water Research Institute, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6 |
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Abstract: | Effects of temperature (mesophilic (35 °C) vs. thermophilic (55 °C)) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration (under thermophilic conditions) on sludge properties and their role in bioflocculation and settling were studied using well-controlled sequencing batch reactors fed with a synthetic wastewater comprised of glucose and inorganic nutrients. Under a similar DO level, thermophilic sludge had a poorer bioflocculating ability and settleability than that of mesophilic sludge. Under a thermophilic condition, an increase in DO level led to a poorer settleability and a slightly improved bioflocculating ability. A poorer settleability was related to a higher level of filaments. Analysis of bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) indicates that thermophilic sludge had a higher level of total bound EPS content than that of mesophilic sludge under a similar DO level, and an increase in DO resulted in an increase in total bound EPS content in thermophilic sludge. Surface analysis of sludge by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests that significant differences in the surface concentrations of elements N, C, O were observed between thermophilic and mesophilic sludge, implying significant differences in bound EPS composition. The results of gel permeation chromatography indicate that the weight-averaged molecular weight (Mw) of bound EPS covered a range of 1159 Da to 13220 Da. The distribution of EPS “species” at floc surfaces was shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to be uneven; different kinds of nanoscale materials were distributed in a patchy manner at the floc-water interface. The results suggest that it is the role of specific EPS molecules rather than the quantity of bound EPS that determine the difference in bioflocculation behavior between thermophilic and mesophilic sludge. The strategy of increasing the DO level could not solve the biomass separation problems associated with thermophilic sludge. |
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Keywords: | Temperature Dissolved oxygen Thermophilic treatment Extracellular polymeric substances Sludge properties Flocculation Settleability |
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