静电纺丝用于制备有机相变储热纤维的研究进展

相变储热材料是指由于材料相转变吸热或放热过程而本身温度不变,从而实现储能的一类功能材料。有机相变材料如石蜡类、多元醇类及硬脂酸类因无腐蚀、无毒、无过冷等优点已成为重要的低温相变储热材料。这类材料通过固-液相变调节微环境温度,可用于服装、建筑及军事等方面,市场前景广阔。但相变过程易泄漏及热导率低等限制其了实际应用。静电纺丝是有效解决该问题的方法之一,高分子在高压静电作用下形成纤维,相变材料被高分子作为支撑材料所固定,很好地解决了泄漏问题。此外,通过加入高热导率材料可提高相变材料的吸放热速率,改善有机相变材料热导率低的问题。本文总结了近年来静电纺丝用于制备相变调温纤维的研究报道,分析了目前该类材料的研究现状,并讨论未来研究方向。为储热相变材料的进一步研究提供参考。

Review on Organic Phase Change Materials Based Fibers for Thermal Energy Storage via Electrospinning Technique

Phase change materials (PCMs) is a kind of functional materials which temperature constant during the phase change process where it can absorb or release heat. PCMs such as paraffin wax, polyalcohol and fatty acid have been widely used as low-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) materials because of non-corrosiveness, non-toxicity and no undercooling etc. Besides, PCMs can be applied in the field of clothing, architecture and military etc. due to its temperature adjusting capability. However, the leakage issue and low thermal conductivity limits its practical application. Electrospinning is an effective method to produce micro-nano fibers and load the high thermal conductivity materials to address the above problems. This paper summarizes the electrospun PCMs fibers in recent years and discusses the challenges and opportunities in the future, which paves a way to further development of electrospun PCMs fibers.