阴离子淀粉对铝硅酸盐矿物浮选的影响及机理研究

通过浮选试验、动电位和吸附量的测定, 详细考察了阴离子淀粉(LSDZ)对高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石浮选行为的影响及作用机理。单矿物浮选试验显示, 在整个pH范围内, 阴离子淀粉对高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石均具有活化作用, 且在酸性条件下活化能力更强; 当pH=6, 捕收剂DTAC用量为3×10^-4 mol/L时, 低用量阴离子淀粉活化伊利石和高岭石的浮选试验结果表明, LSDZ用量较低时, 伊利石和高岭石被活化, 随着LSDZ用量增加, 伊利石和高岭石被抑制; 阴离子淀粉对叶蜡石浮选影响受阳离子捕收剂DTAC用量的制约。吸附量与动电位研究表明, 阴离子淀粉通过氢键与静电力作用吸附在铝硅矿物表面使矿物表面ζ电位负移, 低用量阴离子淀粉能促进捕收剂DTAC在矿物表面的吸附。

Effect of Anionic Starch on Floatability of Aluminosilicate Minerals and Mechanism Thereof

The influence of an anionic starch(LSDZ) on the flotation of kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite, and the interaction mechanism thereof were investigated by flotation tests, zeta potential experiments and adsorption capacity measurements. It shows that, in the pure mineral flotation experiments, kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite can be activated by LSDZ over the whole pH range, and the effect is stronger in acid bulk than in neutral and alkalescent ones, and with a pH value of 6 and a DTAC concentration of 3×10^-4 mol/L, activation of illite and kaolinite was observed with a low LSDZ dosage, yet it was inhibited by increasing dosage. The effect of LSDZ on the flotation of pyrophyllite was affected by the dosage of DTAC. The analyses of the adsorption capacity and zeta potential show that LSDZ can be adsorbed onto aluminosilicate minerals through hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic force, which lowered the zeta potential of the mineral and the adsorption of DTAC can be accelerated by a low dosage of LSDZ.