美国的医院标准和手术室设计

美国思路强调以手术室细菌控制的综合措施减少感染风险,不片面强调净化级别;认为净化只是一种手段,无菌程度才是其控制目的和结果的体现;强调以经济有效的方法实施手术室洁净送风系统,既然单向流设施不能证明可以地降低术后感染率,就不宜推广。美国的标准和丰富实践基于其特定的国情,许多地方值得我国医院洁净手术室建设和改造借鉴。

Hospital standard and operating room design in the United States

According to the American thinking, the bacteria in an operating department should be controlled by a comprehensive method to reduce the potential infection risk, rather than merely by air cleaning which is only a means to attain a high aseptic degree; the cleaning air supply system should be implemented economically and efficiently; the laminar air flow should not be selected for producing little reduction in the post surgical infection rate. The American standards and practice is based on their particular conditions, but provides something for reference in China's operating room reforming and building.