煤层气井脉冲压裂技术研究现状

目前,煤层气井压裂主要采用水力压裂工艺,受到储层特性的限制,以及大型压裂设备和作业规模的约束,地层裂缝达不到生产要求。脉冲压裂是在较低的压力条件下,形成更为复杂的裂缝网络,增大有效裂缝体积和连通程度。因此,相应的脉冲压裂技术和设备得到持续发展。通过调研国内外的最新压裂技术和设备,从技术原理、技术特点以及实际应用效果等方面介绍了高能气体脉冲压裂、等离子脉冲压裂、高速通道压裂和金属丝电爆炸压裂技术。通过比较现有的技术和设备,认为井下脉冲压裂设备有更好的发展前景。

Research Status of Pulse Fracturing Technology for Coalbed Methane Wells

The fracturing of coalbed methane wells mainly adopts hydraulic fracturing technology currently, which is limited by reservoir characteristics, the constraints of large-scale fracturing equipment and operation scale and the formation cracks unsatisfaction to the production requirements. The pulsed fracturing creates a more complex network of fractures at lower pressures, increases the effective fracture volume and connectivity. The corresponding pulse fracturing technology and equipment have been continuously developed. Based on the research on the latest fracturing technology and equipment at home and abroad, high-energy gas pulse fracturing, plasma pulse fracturing, high-speed channel fracturing and wire electric explosion fracturing technology were introduced from the aspects of technical principle, technical characteristics and practical application effects. By comparing existing technologies and equipment, it is believed that the downhole pulse fracturing equipment has a better development prospect.