深海半潜式平台上部模块布局关键技术综述

深海半潜式平台是深海油气田钻探开发的关键装备,处理量大、功能齐全、设备繁多。作为深海半潜式平台设计的关键技术之一,其上部作业模块总体布局应满足作业工艺,平台稳性、安全逃生、操作维护等工程约束,是一种典型的多约束、多目标布局优化问题。现有上部模块总体布局方案多依赖于设计人员的经验,设计周期长、效率低、工作量大且很难得到最优布局效果。概述了海洋平台设备布局优化技术、管路布局优化技术及总体布局方案评价体系的国内外发展历程,讨论了深海半潜式平台上部模块总体布局优化技术亟需解决的关键问题,为深海半潜式平台的油气钻采及处理系统高效设计和合理布局研究提供指导性建议。

Review on the Key Technology of the Layout Optimization Method of the Upper Module in Semi-submersible Platform

The semi-submersible platform is the key equipment for the development of deep-sea oil and gas fields, with large processing capacity, complete functions and numerous equipment. The overall layout of the upper module should meet the target block production process, equipment selection, platform stability, safety escape, operation and maintenance and other engineering constraints, and with the characteristics of layered arrangement, orderly arrangement, short pipelines, no interference, and saving of deck space. It is a multi-constrained multi-objective layout optimization problem combining theory with practice and is also one of the key technologies for the design of semi-submersible platforms. The overall layout of the upper module depends on the experience of the designers, with the disadvantages of long design cycle, low efficiency, heavy workload, and difficulty in obtaining optimal layout results. This paper summarizes the development of equipment layout optimization methods, pipeline layout optimization methods, and evaluation system of layout scheme. Then, we discusses the key technology of the layout optimization method of the upper module in semi-submersible platform, which provides suggestions for the efficient design and rational layout of oil and gas drilling and processing systems in semi-submersible platform.