Strengthening the resilience of small-scale fisheries: A modeling approach to explore the use of in-shore pelagic resources in Melanesia |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CNRS/MNHN, France;2. CIAT, Cali, Colombia;3. WorldFish, Malaysia;4. ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Australia;1. Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 202, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Tokyo University, Japan, 7-3-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan;3. Marine Fisheries Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, 199 Hou-Ih Road, Keelung City, 20246, Taiwan, ROC;4. Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC;5. Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 202, Taiwan, ROC;1. Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research and School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore, QLD, 4558, Australia;2. Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Marine & Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia;3. College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia;4. National Fisheries College, National Fisheries Authority, PO Box 239, Kavieng, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea;5. Wildlife Conservation Society, PO Box 95, Kavieng, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea;6. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia;1. The Pacific Community, Coastal Fisheries Science, Management and Livelihoods Section; Division of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia;2. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, 1910 East-West Road, Honolulu 96822, Hawaiʻi, USA;3. University of Hawaiʻi Sea Grant College Program, 2525 Correa Rd., HIG 238, Honolulu 96822, HI, USA;4. South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, 287 Meeting St, Charleston, SC 29401, USA;5. University of Connecticut Sea Grant, 380 Marine Science Building, Groton, CT 06355, USA;6. LeA International Consultants Ltd, 32 Tirangi Rd, Rongotai, Wellington 6022 New Zealand;7. Center for Pacific Islands Studies, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, 1890 East-West Rd., Moore 210, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;1. Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 555E, Monterey, CA 93940, United States;2. Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, United States;1. Pacific Community (SPC), BP D5, 98848 Noumea, New Caledonia;2. Tuvalu Fisheries Department, Ministry of Natural Resources, Funafuti, Tuvalu;3. Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT), Old Dublin Rd, Galway, Ireland |
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| Abstract: | Small-scale fisheries play a critical role in both poverty alleviation and food security. A large proportion of the world fish stocks are, however, getting fully or over-exploited. In this article we address these issues in the context of the small-scale fisheries of the Solomon Islands. The paper explores the extent to which in-shore Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) can help increasing the resilience of the small scale fishery system and reconciling social, economic and ecological priorities. Based on the concept of ‘time of crisis’ developed recently in the viability literature, we propose to calculate a resilience index through a dynamic stochastic model calibrated by ethnological observations. The resilience index calculation reveals two major findings: (i) the resilience of the small scale fishery system is currently nonexistent and (ii) the introduction of FADs can improve it. The effects of the FADs' implementation are then discussed in the light of a socio-economic perspective. Such results bring new insights into the question of the future of the small scale fishery sector, especially in relation to the local economy evolution from a barter dominance to a cash oriented economy. At the same time, the current subsistence fisheries seems more resilient in general due to a distributive effects which ease the ‘race for fish behaviors’. Finally, our analysis reveals that while the FADs implementation stands as a short and mid-term answer, demographic drivers are important and other alternatives will need to be considered if the overall viability of the system is to be maintained in the longer-term. |
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| Keywords: | Small scale fishery Resilience Environmental development Technological innovation Data-poor situation |
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