An overview of the model integration process: From pre-integration assessment to testing |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Twente, ITC, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands;2. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, USA;1. Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany;2. Institute of Hydrology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, UK;1. Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, University of Michigan, 4840 S. State Rd., Ann Arbor, MI, USA;2. NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. Environmental Numerical Prediction Research Section, Environment Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada;4. NOAA, National Weather Service, North Central River Forecast Center, Chanhassen, MN, USA;5. U.S. Geological Survey, Michigan Water Science Center, Lansing, MI, USA;6. Boundary Water Issues, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada;7. Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada;8. Water Survey of Canada, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;9. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA;1. PIMENT, EA 4518, Université de La Réunion, FST, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97715 Saint-Denis, Réunion, France;2. Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ENGEES, LHyGeS UMR 7517, F-67000 Strasbourg, France;3. IRD, UMR LISAH, F-92761 Montpellier, France;4. LMHE, Ecole Nationale d''Ingénieurs de Tunis, Tunisia;1. Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52f, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;2. Center for Methods and Institute for Ethics and Transdisciplinary Sustainability Research, Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany;3. Center for Economics and Innovation Research, Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria;4. MCI Management Center, Innsbruck, Austria;5. Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change, University of Graz, Austria;1. Fenner School of Environment and Society and Institute for Water Futures, Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia;2. CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT, 2602, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Integration of models requires linking models which can be developed using different tools, methodologies, and assumptions. We performed a literature review with the aim of improving our understanding of model integration process, and also presenting better strategies for building integrated modeling systems. We identified five different phases to characterize integration process: pre-integration assessment, preparation of models for integration, orchestration of models during simulation, data interoperability, and testing. Commonly, there is little reuse of existing frameworks beyond the development teams and not much sharing of science components across frameworks. We believe this must change to enable researchers and assessors to form complex workflows that leverage the current environmental science available. In this paper, we characterize the model integration process and compare integration practices of different groups. We highlight key strategies, features, standards, and practices that can be employed by developers to increase reuse and interoperability of science software components and systems. |
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| Keywords: | Integrated modeling Interoperability Interfaces Wrapping Components Web services |
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