离子液体在精细化学品合成中的应用

概述了近几年离子液体在医药、食品添加剂、农药等精细化学品合成中的应用。离子液体表现出的主要优势在于:它无毒无害,对环境友好,可以替代有毒、腐蚀性的溶剂或催化剂;反应速度快,条件温和,收率高,选择性好,特别适合高纯产物的合成;中间体无需分离,多步合成操作过程可以连续进行,简化了合成工艺;产物易分离,离子液体/催化剂可循环使用;离子液相有机合成具有比固相合成担载量高的优势,适用于药物的组合化学合成中。设计合成高效、多功能、价廉、易降解的离子液体,将加速离子液体由基础研究到中试研究和工业应用的步伐,使之在精细化学品合成中带来更大的经济、环境效益。引文36篇。

Synthesis of Fine Chemicals in Ionic Liquids

The synthesis of fine chemicals such as pharmaceutical intermediates,food additives,pesticides and miscellaneous fine chemicals in ionic liquids is reviewed.Compared with the traditional technologies,the new method utilized room temperature ionic liquid,which is an alternative environmental benign catalyst or solvent,having many advantages including short reaction times,mild reaction conditions,high selectivity,high yield,simplified operation procedure,ease of product separation and recycle of catalyst/ionic liquid.Ionic liquid phase organic synthesis,with higher loadings than solid organic synthesis,is suitable for combinational chemistry synthesis of pharmacological intermediates.Directional design and synthesis of high effective,versatile,cheap and degradable ionic liquids could speed up the step from academic basic research to pilot-scale study and industrialization application,which improve economic and environmental benefits in the synthesis of fine chemicals.36 references are cited.