有机氟硅共改性水性聚氨酯乳液的合成及其性能

将异佛尔酮二胺(IPDA)和甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFMA)进行Micheal加成反应,合成端仲胺基的有机氟化合物(DFMA-IPDA)。以该化合物为扩链剂、聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为二元醇,与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)聚合制备了有机氟和硅改性的水性聚氨酯(WPU),研究了有机氟和/或硅用量对WPU乳液性能和胶膜性能的影响。结果表明:用该方法合成的DFMA-IPDA纯度达99.2%,和一定量的PDMS共改性可合成稳定的WPU乳液。随两者用量的增加,WPU乳液的平均粒径增大,胶膜的热稳定性、耐水性提高,表面水接触角增大。PDMS可提高WPU胶膜的柔性,而DFMA-IPDA可提高胶膜的韧性。用PDMS和DFMA-IPDA共改性能获得综合性能优异的WPU,当扩链剂完全采用DFMA-IPDA,PDMS用量为4%时,WPU胶膜的吸水率为4.5%,水接触角达到102.3°。

Synthesis and Properties of Organofluorine and Silicon Modified Waterborne Polyurethane Emulsions

A secondary amine-terminated fluorocarbon compound (DFMA-IPDA) was synthesized via Michael addition reaction between dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) and isophorone diamine (IPDA). The compound was used as chain extender and hydroxyethoxypropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as diol to react with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polypropylene glycol (PPG) and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) to synthesize organofluorine and silicon modified waterborne polyurethane (WPU). The effects of organofluorine and silicon on the properties of WPU emulsions and films thereof were investigated. The results showed that the purity of DFMA-IPDA was 99.2% and could be used for preparation of the stable WPU emulsions with a certain amount of PDMS. As the amount of PDMS and/or DFMA-IPDA increased, the average particle size of the emulsions increased and the thermostability, water resistance and surface water contact angle of the resultant films were also improved. PDMS modification led to an increase in the flexibility of the films, whereas the DFMA-IPDA modification can improve their toughness. Thus, PDMS and DFMA-IPDA co-modified WPU behaved excellent comprehensive properties. When DFMA-IPDA was used as extender and the amount of PDMS was 4 wt%, the water absorption rate of the WPU film was 4.5% and its water contact angle was 102°.