Dynamic Analysis of Phorbol Esters in the Manufacturing Process of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Jatropha curcas</Emphasis> Seed Oil |
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Authors: | Kosuke Ichihashi Dai Yuki Hiroshi Kurokawa Akinori Igarashi Toshio Yajima Masami Fujiwara Katsuhiro Maeno Shizuo Sekiguchi Mitsuo Iwata Hoyoku Nishino |
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Affiliation: | (1) Analytical Technology Research Center, Lion Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa Tokyo, 132-0035, Japan;(2) Oleochemical Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa Tokyo, 132-0035, Japan;(3) Research Management and Administration Department, Lion Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa Tokyo, 132-0035, Japan;(4) Research Center for New Fuels and Vehicle Technology (NVF), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2 Namiki, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan;(5) Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu Shiga, 525-0058, Japan |
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Abstract: | Jatropha curcas seed oil, which is unsuitable as an edible oil but has received attention as a novel vegetable fat and oil resource, contains
tumor-promoting phorbol esters. Currently, six types of derivatives of 12-deoxy-16-hydroxyphorbol (DHPEs) in J. curcas oil have been identified, and their toxicological safety for humans is being discussed. However, it is reported that most
DHPEs disappear during the transesterification process. We investigated the dynamics of phorbol esters in the manufacturing
process of fatty acid methyl esters from J. curcas seed oil. With the assumption that the precursor ion was the fragment ion (m/z = 311) from the frame unit of phorbol esters and their derivatives, we developed an LC–MS method for detecting the product
ion (m/z = 165), which was obtained by cleavage of the fragment ion. The derivatives generated from the structural changes of the
phorbol esters existed in fractions of glycerine–water in the manufacturing process; however, phorbol esters and their derivatives
were not detected in the fatty acid methyl esters that were produced via a high-vacuum distillation process. Investigation
into the dynamics of phorbol esters confirmed that the contents of phorbol esters, including DHPEs, in the fatty acid methyl
esters were under detection limits. |
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