等效爆炸载荷下FRP船体结构的性能比较

水下爆炸对船体的作用一是直接压力,另一个是使船体产生加速度,而且,不仅仅是船体产生加速度,其附加质量(也称附连水质量)也产生相应的加速度,即:爆炸要同时改变船体和附加质量的动量和动能。水下爆炸作用下结构物的相应研究极其复杂,计算量极大。该文以复合材料船体结构形式选型为目的,根据能量原理、动量原理和达朗贝尔原理,将爆炸载荷等效为静载。研究5种船体构造形式对此等效静载的响应,据此选择船体结构形式。5种船体型线相同,结构形式分别为单板横向加筋、单板纵向加筋、单板双向加筋、硬壳式和夹层式结构,在船体所受外载相同,船体重量相等的条件下,通过有限元法,分析等效水下爆炸载荷下船体的响应与性能。根据船体的应力与变形分析,对其强度、刚度、剖面模数及综合性能进行比较,为结构选型提供数值分析依据。挑选出既符合结构性能,又能满足使用要求的结构形式。

COMPARISON ON STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF FRP HULLS UNDER EQUIVALENT EXPLOSION LOADING

One effect from an underwater explosion on ship hulls is the direct pressure,and the other is to create acceleration.Furthermore,the acceleration is not only created by ship hulls,but also by additional mass,which is also known as additional water mass,namely the explosion changes momentum and kinetic energy of ship hulls and additional mass at the same time.The research on a structure under an underwater explosion is very complex and has a huge quantity of calculation.For the purpose of selecting a composite hull structure,explosion loading is equivalent to static loading by means of an energy principle,the momentum principle and d’Alembert principle.According to the response of five different hull structures to equivalent loading,we select a hull structure.To the same molded lines of five different hull structure forms as longitudinal framing,transverse framing,a combined system,a hard-shell form and a sandwich form,the same loading and equal weight as a condition,the ship’s response created by an equivalent underwater explosion loading need to be analyzed by the finite element method.With the analysis of ship’s stress and displacement,we compare the strength,rigidity,section modulus and comprehensive performance of a ship to provide a numerical analysis reference for a structure selection.One structure form should be selected not only conforms to a structural performance,but also satisfies the use requirement.