黄河防凌工作50年

黄河冰凌洪水突发性强、涨势猛、持续时间长，产生的灾害有时更甚于暴雨洪水。人民治黄以来，经过５０年的努力，初步建成了黄河防凌体系．以干流水库、堤防、分凌工程组成的工程体系，是防凌体系的主体；非工程措施主要包括人民防凌队伍、冰情测报预报和防凌调度系统、分凌区管理等，是防凌体系的重要组成部分。５０年来，对黄河冰凌运行规律、水库防凌调度及防凌决策支持系统的研究有了较大进展，为做好黄河防凌工作奠定了基础．今后，小浪底等干流水利枢纽工程建成后，将为黄河的防凌安全提供更大的保证．

Fifty Years of Ice Flood Protection in the Yellow River

With the features of long duration,suddenly happening and rising,the ice flood in the Yellow River sometimes cause 'more intensive calamity than that of storm flood. After 50 years efforts since the people harness the river,the ice flood protection system has been established in which the project system including reserviors in the mainstream,dykes,ice flood diversion project is the principal part, and the non--project system including the people,s ice nood protection team, ice forecast and protection managing system,divided region administration,and so on,is the important element. During the last 50 years,the ice nood movement law,reserviors management for ice flood protection and corresponding decision making support system have been studied and developed,which lays a foundation to ice flood protection in the Yellow River. There will be more assurance for the Yellow River ice flood protection after the Xiaolangdi key project and others built up.