露天矿排土场边坡降水入渗规律试验研究

露天矿排土边坡的水主要来自大气降水,其对边坡岩土容重,孔隙水压力的改变具有动态特征。针对大气降水条件下露天矿排土场边坡稳定性问题,通过砂土相似模拟试验模拟了雨水在边坡中的渗流过程,纪录了各个时刻雨水在边坡内部的浸润图。相似试验结果表明:露天矿排土场在形成过程中大型机械对排土台阶顶部的压实作用对整个排土场边坡渗流影响十分显著;对于多台阶边坡,降雨经暴露的压实区迅速沿压实区进入边坡内部形成浸润区,渗透速率明显快于非压实区;压实区的存在直接将大气降水对边坡的影响从边坡表层导入边坡内部,对边坡稳定极为不利。数值模拟结果进一步证实了相似试验的准确性,同时揭示了压实区与非压实区渗透速率不同的内在原因。根据试验结论提出了提高露天矿排土边坡稳定性的建议。

Experimental study on the rainfall infiltration rule in the dump slope of surface mines

The water in the dump slope of open pit mine mainly comes from the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation,which influences the stability of slope by changing the soil bulk density and pore water pressure dynamically.In view of the open-pit mine slope stability problem under the condition of atmospheric precipitation,this paper used analogous model experiment to simulate the rainwater seepage process in the slope,and recorded the water infiltrating figure in the slope at any time.The experimental results show that:The effect of compaction by large dumping equipment on the water seepage in open pit mine is significant；In the case of multiple steps slope,rainfall infiltrates into the slope rapidly from the top to the lower dumping step,and the infiltration rate is significantly faster than that in the non-compaction area；The compaction area leads to the influence of atmospheric precipitation on slope transferred to inside from slope surface,which is extremely unfavorable on slope stability.The results of numerical simulation further proved the accuracy of the analogous experiments,at the same time,revealed the internal causes of the difference between the penetration rates at compaction area and non-compaction area.According to the experimental results,this paper put forward some recommandations for the improvement of soil slope stability.