多夹矸近水平煤层综放开采顶煤三维放出规律

基于散体介质流理论的学术思想，采用三维散体相似模拟试验和数值模拟分析相结合的方法，对多夹矸近水平煤层综放开采煤矸放出体空间形态及顶煤采出率的三维分布特征进行了研究探讨。研究表明，多夹矸近水平综放工作面放煤量从上端头到下端头逐渐增加，含矸率相应降低，工作面下端头的放煤效率较高；顶煤采出率沿煤层走向分区呈动态演化过程，且沿煤层倾向具有周期性分布的特点；煤矸放出体体积随放煤高度增大呈幂函数关系增大；顶煤采出率和含矸率随放煤时间呈阶段性变化特征；采用间隔放煤有利于提高多夹矸煤层的顶煤采出率。

3-D movement law of top-coal in near horizontal coal seam with multi-gangue under caving mining technique

The spatial shape of coal-gangue draw body and 3-D distribution of top-coal recovery ratio were studied by 3-D similar simulation experiment and numerical simulation analysis based on the loose medium flow field theory.The results show that the drawing volume of top-coal caving face in near horizontal coal seam with multi-gangue increases from upper face end to lower face end，while the rock-mixed ratio decreases accordingly，and the lower face end has a higher drawing efficiency；the top-coal recovery ratio zoning presents dynamic evolution process along the coal seam’s strike direction and periodic distribution along the dip direction；the relationship between volume of coal-gangue draw body and drawing height presents a power function；the top-coal recovery ratio and rock-mixed ratio show the stages of change with the drawing time，and the interval drawing method can improve the top-coal recovery ratio of multi-gangue coal seam.