部分充填采煤技术的研究与实践

对煤矿充填开采而言，如何提高充填采煤效率、降低充填成本是需要持续深入研究的问题。结合煤系层状覆岩移动特点和控制要求研发的部分充填采煤技术，为上述问题的解决提供了一条重要途径。在对我国充填采煤技术发展进行综述的基础上，系统总结了部分充填采煤技术的研究进展，包括：部分充填开采的概念与技术框架，覆岩隔离注浆充填、短壁冒落区嗣后充填、长壁墩柱同步充填等3种部分充填采煤技术的原理、设计方法、适用条件和应用情况。实践证明，部分充填是一种高效低成本充填采煤技术，尤其是覆岩隔离注浆充填，其吨煤充填成本仅为30～60元，单面充填采煤能力可达60～100万t/a，已在淮北矿区得到推广应用。

Study and application of coal mining with partial backfilling

For the technology of coal mining with backfilling，how to improve the coal mining efficiency with backfilling and reduce the backfilling cost are the problems that need in-depth and continuous studies.The partial backfilling technology，which was proposed based on the characteristics of layered strata movement and its control requirements，provides an important way to solve the above problems.Following a review of the developments of coal mining with backfilling in China，the research progresses of partial backfilling were summarized.These consist of the concept and technical framework of partial backfilling，and principles，design methods，applicable conditions and the application of three typical partial backfilling techniques，namely isolated grout injection into overburden，subsequent backfilling in shortwall caved zone，and longwall synchronous columns backfilling.Practices show that the techniques of coal mining with partial backfilling are high-efficient and low-cost，in which isolated grout injection into overburden is especially representative，for its backfilling cost for unit coal of just 30-60 Yuan perton of coal produced and the annual coal mining capacity at a single panel of 0.6-1.0 Mt/a.The grout injection technique has been applied successfully in the Huaibei mining district.