碳酸盐岩储层随钻测井技术难点及其对策——以四川盆地为例

四川盆地碳酸盐岩储层埋藏深、非均质性强,利用随钻测井资料开展地质导向存在构造导向难、空隙空间储层追踪难和轨迹控制难等诸多难题。为此,分析了这类储层多套层系的地质和测井响应特征,提出了构造追踪、储层追踪和地层追踪等针对性的技术思路,并总结了随钻伽马成像、随钻电阻率成像、随钻密度成像、随钻自然伽马、随钻电阻率、随钻中子和随钻密度测井方法在随钻地质导向中的适应性;在此基础上,充分挖掘随钻测井所提供的信息,对常见的4种复杂储层类型(薄层状储层、厚层块状储层、受剥蚀的岩溶储层和页岩气储层)的测井系列进行优化,提出了不同地层和储层条件下适用的5种测井组合(自然伽马+孔隙度+电阻率成像、自然伽马+电阻率成像、自然伽马+孔隙度+电阻率、伽马成像+电阻率、自然伽马)。现场应用效果表明,该方法针对碳酸盐岩不同类型储层首次归纳出应采用的随钻测井系列组合,并且有针对性地指出了在地质导向过程中应注意的重点及采取的导向策略,具有较高的参考和应用价值。

Technical difficulties of logging while drilling in carbonate reservoirs and the countermeasures: A case study from the Sichuan Basin

In the Sichuan Basin, carbonate reservoirs are characterized by deep burial depth and strong heterogeneity, so it is difficult to conduct structure steering, pore space reservoir tracking and trajectory control in the process of geosteering logging while drilling. In this paper, a series of corresponding techniques for structure, reservoir and formation tracking were proposed after analysis was conducted on multiple series of carbonate strata in terms of their geologic and logging response characteristics. And investigation was performed on the adaptabilities of the following logging technologies to geosteering while drilling, including gamma ray imaging while drilling, resistivity imaging while drilling, density imaging while drilling, gamma ray logging while drilling, resistivity logging while drilling, neutron logging while drilling and density logging while drilling. After while drilling information was thoroughly analyzed, the logging suites for four common types of complicated reservoirs (thin layered reservoirs, thick massive reservoirs, denuded karst reservoirs and shale gas reservoirs) were optimized, and five logging combinations suitable for different formations and reservoirs were proposed, including gamma ray logging+porosity+resistivity imaging, gamma ray logging+resistivity imaging, gamma ray logging+porosity +resistivity logging, gamma ray imaging+resistivity logging, and gamma ray logging. Field application indicates that it is of great reference and application value to use this method for the first time to summarize logging while drilling combinations for different types of carbonate reservoirs.