热声发动机驱动的脉管制冷机模拟及实验研究

基于回热器计算软件REGEN3.2,通过数值模拟分别研究了热声发动机的频率、输出压比、充气压力以及脉管制冷机的回热器长度对热声驱动的脉管制冷机制冷性能的影响,并预测了该台脉管制冷机的最低制冷温度为45K.实验研究了不同工质、热声发动机输出压比、声功输出装置以及脉管制冷机回热器长度对脉管制冷机性能的影响.实验结果表明,热声驱动的脉管制冷机的优化方向为提高热声发动机的输出压比、降低频率以及适当提高充气压力,这与数值模拟结果吻合较好.实验采用氮气-氦气双工质并以亥姆霍兹共鸣器作为声功输出装置和声压放大器,行波型热声发动机驱动的单级斯特林型脉管制冷机获得了65K的最低制冷温度.

Simulation and experimental study of pulse tube cooler driven by thermoacoustic engine

The influences of frequency, pressure ratio, charging pressure and regenerator length  on the refrigeration performance of the pulse tube cooler driven by thermoacoustic engine were numerically simulated based on the regenerator simulation software known as REGEN3-2. The lowest no-load temperature of the pulse tube cooler was expected to be 45 K according to the simulation. The effects of working fluid, pressure ratio, acoustic power output device, and regenerator length were investigated experimentally. Experimental results show that the performance of the pulse tube cooler driven by a thermoacoustic engine can be improved significantly by increasing the pressure ratio, decreasing the frequency and properly increasing the charging pressure, which agrees well with the simulation. A single stage Stirling-type pulse tube cooler, with helium as the working fluid, driven by a traveling wave thermoacoustic engine with nitrogen as the working fluid and with a Helmholtz resonator as both acoustic power output device and acoustic pressure amplifier, obtained a lowest no-load temperature of 65 K.