雅鲁藏布江干流中游河段水温特性分析

水温是水环境中重要的影响因子，青藏高原由于独特而复杂的高原气候及水文地形特征，会对河道的水温情势产生重要影响。本文以雅鲁藏布江干流多年长系列气象、水文及水温资料为基础，利用多元线性回归模型对水温影响因子进行了识别，并采用统计学方法对水温时空分布特性进行了分析。研究结果表明：对于上游拉孜和奴各沙站点，影响这两个区段水温的主要因素为气象，且气温影响起主导作用；而对于下游羊村和奴下站点，影响这两个区段水温的主要因素为上一站水温，即上游水温对这两个站的水温影响较大；年际水温表现出微弱增温趋势，且增温率从上游到下游在增大；随着海拔降低气温升高，水温也在逐渐升高，但由于融雪径流补给使得奴下站水温升温偏缓、最高水温偏低。

Analysis of Water Temperature Characteristics in Middle Reach of the Yarlung ZangBo River

Water temperature is an important factor affecting water environment. The unique and complex plateau climate and hydro-geomorphology would have an important impact on water temperature. In this paper, on the basis of the meteorological, hydrological and water temperature data for many years, adopted the idea of statistical data mining and analysis, used multiple linear regression model on the influencing factors analysis of the water temperature in middle reach of the Yarlung ZangBo River. The analysis results showed that, for the upstream, the main factor was meteorology, especially air temperature. As for the downstream, the main factor was the water temperature of upriver. Interannual and interdecadal changes in water temperature showed decreasing trend, but not obviously, and the warming rates from upstream to downstream increased. The water temperature rose as the altitude decreased and climate warming, but the water temperature of Nuxia Site rose slower and lower.