丝素蛋白微球作为药物缓释载体的研究进展

丝素蛋白稳定无毒、廉价易得，具有良好的降解性和生物相容性等特点，是一种优良的载体材料。本文基于丝素蛋白独特的氨基酸组成结构和自组装形成稳定的?-折叠构象等特点，综述了丝素蛋白微球/粒的制备方法，即酶法、喷雾干燥法、乳化-溶剂挥发法、相分离法、电喷法和超临界二氧化碳流体强制分散法等一些新型技术，及其在药物载体方面缓释特性的应用研究。由于丝素蛋白来源物种间的差异和脱胶过程中不一致性等问题，丝素蛋白改性、复合或基因工程加工处理将是今后的发展方向，在生物医学领域将具有广阔的应用前景。

Research progress of silk fibroin microsphere as sustained-release carrier of drug

Silk fibroin(SF) is stable,non-toxic and cheap,and is an excellent carrier material due to its availability,biodegradability and biocompatibility.Based on its unique amino acids composition and stable structure of self-assembling β-sheets,several methods for preparation of SF microspheres/microparticles are introduced,such as enzymolysis,spray drying,emulsification solvent evaporation,phase separation,electrospraying,as well as the new technologies of suspension-enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO2(SpEDS),and their sustained-release characteristics as drug carriers are also reviewed.In addition,it is recognized that challenges remain,including variation of silk between species and between individuals of the same species and inconsistencies in the degumming process.The future direction could be developing modified,composite or genetically engineered SF proteins,which would have potential applications in the biomedical field.