盐湖卤水提硼萃取剂的研究进展

溶剂萃取法是一种有工业应用前景的盐湖卤水提硼方法，而萃取分离的核心问题在于萃取剂的选择。为此，本文综述了近几年国内外盐湖卤水提硼萃取剂类型及其萃取效果，按照萃取剂结构和萃取方法将提硼萃取剂划分为脂肪醇（包括一元脂肪醇和二元脂肪醇）、芳香醇、混合醇等三部分加以叙述，着重介绍了应用最广的两种萃取剂，即2-乙基己醇和2-乙基-1,3-己二醇的研究与应用情况。同时介绍了大量新型结构的?-二醇类萃取剂，指出了今后提硼萃取剂的设计合成的发展趋势，为盐湖卤水萃取提硼工艺开发中萃取剂的选择提供重要参考。

Progress in extractants for boron recovery from salt-lake brine

Salt-lake brine is an important source of boron,which contains abundant boric acid.Solvent extraction is a useful and potential industrialized technology for boron recovery from brine.Compared to traditional techniques,solvent extraction can provide a simple,robust and high productive process.The key for solvent extraction is the choice of extractant.This paper mainly reviewed structures of boron-selective extractants and corresponding extraction efficiency reported in recent years.Boron extractants were catalogued into aliphatic alcohol,aromatic alcohol and mixed alcohol according to their structures and mechanisms of boron recovery.Among aliphatic alcohols,the application of an aliphatic monobasic alcohol,i.e.2-ethylhexanol,and diol,i.e.2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol were extensively discussed.They have been proven effective in boron recovery from aqueous solutions.As well,a large number of β-diols with new structure were introduced.This review can be used as a reference for the design of novel boron extractant as well as practical extraction process.