屠宰日龄对伊拉兔胴体和肉质量的影响

对伊拉兔在60、70、80 日龄屠宰的胴体和肉质量进行比较研究，结果表明：宰前活质量、热胴体质量、冷却胴体质量、参考胴体质量、屠宰率、肾周脂肪质量/参考胴体质量、可解剖脂肪质量/参考胴体质量均随日龄的增加而明显增大（P＜0.05）；胴体的滴水损失随日龄增大而明显减少（P＜0.05）；pH24 h值随日龄增加有下降趋势；股二头肌L*、a*值在70 日龄和80 日龄组间无显著差异（P＞0.05），背最长肌L*、a*值在各日龄组间无显著差异（P＞0.05）；背最长肌系水力和剪切力在70 日龄和80 日龄组间无显著差异（P＞0.05），且均大于60 日龄；背最长肌的蒸煮损失随日龄增加而明显减小（P＜0.05）；背最长肌和后腿肌的粗蛋白、粗灰分含量在各日龄组间无显著差异（P＞0.05），粗脂肪含量随日龄增大而明显增加（P＜0.05），而水分含量有一定减小。伊拉兔在60 日龄屠宰生长潜力未充分发挥，70 日龄屠宰效益好，80 日龄屠宰改善了胴体和肉的品质。

Effect of Slaughter Age on Carcass and Meat Quality of Hyla Rabbits

The effect of slaughter age (60, 70 and 80 days) on carcass and meat quality of Hyla rabbits was investigated.
Slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, chill carcass weight, reference carcass weight, dressing percentage, perirenal fat/
reference carcass weight ratio, dissectional fat/reference carcass weight ratio revealed a significant increase with slaughter
age (P < 0.05), whereas carcass drip loss exhibited a significant decrease (P < 0.05). pH24 h showed a downward trend with
the extension of slaughter age. Lightness (L*) and redness (a*) of biceps femoris (BF) muscle had no difference between
70 and 80 days. Similarly, L* and a* values of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle showed no difference among three ages.
Water-holding capacity and shear force of LL muscle had no difference between 70 and 80 days, while lower values were
observed when Hyla rabbits were slaughtered at the age of 60 days. Cooking loss significantly decreased with increasing
slaughter age in LL muscle (P < 0.05). In LL and hind leg muscles, the contents of crude protein and crude ash exhibited no
difference at different slaughter ages, while crude fat content significantly increased and water content slightly decreased
with the extension of slaughter age. These results showed growth potential of Hyla rabbits was not fully developed when
they were slaughtered at 60 days old, and good slaughter benefit was achieved at the age of 70 days, whereas eating quality
of carcass and muscle was improved at the age of 80 days.