蛹虫草基质多糖对雄性小鼠生殖毒性的影响

目的：探究蛹虫草基质多糖（Cordyceps militaris stroma polysaccharides，CMSP）对雄性小鼠生殖毒性的影响。方法：ICR雄性小鼠50 只，随机分成5 组，设空白对照组、阳性对照组以及不同CMSP剂量（150、300、600 mg/（kg•d））组。阳性对照组小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺（20 mg/（kg•d）），连续5 d；实验组小鼠灌胃不同剂量CMSP，连续灌胃30 d；空白对照组小鼠灌胃相同体积蒸馏水，定期称质量。30 d后，颈椎脱臼法处死各组小鼠，取睾丸和附睾称质量，计算脏器指数。苏木精-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin，HE）染色法对小鼠睾丸组织进行病理学检查；红细胞计数法测定精子数量；中性红活体染色法检测精子活动率和畸形率；酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay，ELISA）测定血清中睾酮（testosterone，TTE）、黄体生成素（luteinizing hormone，LH）、卵泡刺激素（follicle stimulating hormone，FSH）含量；免疫组化-链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶法（streptavidinperosidase，SP）检测睾丸Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达水平。结果：CMSP各剂量组小鼠体质量增长率、精子数量和精子活动率明显高于阳性对照组（P＜0.05），精子畸形率明显低于阳性对照组（P＜0.05），CMSP各剂量组间及其与空白对照组间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；CMSP各剂量组小鼠血清中TTE含量明显高于阳性对照组（P＜0.05），LH及FSH含量显著低于阳性对照组（P＜0.05），CMSP各剂量组间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；睾丸内Bax蛋白表达量显著低于阳性对照组（P＜0.05），而Bcl-2蛋白表达量则显著高于阳性对照组（P＜0.05），CMSP各剂量组间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：CMSP对雄性小鼠无生殖毒性作用。

Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment for Polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris Stroma in Male Mice

Objective: To explore the effect of Cordyceps militaris stroma polysaccharides (CMSP) on reproductive toxicity
in male mice. Methods: Totally 50 ICR male mice were randomly divided into five groups including blank control group,
positive control group, and CMSP treatment groups at different doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/(kg·d)). The mice from positive
control group were administered with cyclophosphamide at a dose of 20 mg/(kg·d) for 5 days via intraperitoneal injection.
The mice from CMSP treatment groups were administered with CMPS at various doses for 30 days. The mice from blank
control group were administered with an identical volume of distilled water via gavage. After 30 days, the mice from each
group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, the harvested testes and epididymides were weighed and organ indices were
calculated. HE staining was applied for pathological examination of testes, the number of sperm was detected by red blood
cell counting method, eosin staining method was used to detect sperm motility and abnormality, the serum concentrations
of testosterone (TTE), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were assessed by ELISA, and
immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in testes. Results: Weight
growth rate, sperm count and sperm motility in the treatment groups were significantly higher than in the positive control
group (P < 0.05). Sperm malformation rate in the treatment groups was significantly lower than in the positive control group
(P < 0.05) although no obvious statistical significance was observed among the treatment and blank control groups (P > 0.05).
The serum level of TTE in the treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the positive control group (P < 0.05),
and LH and FSH were significantly lower than those in the positive control group (P < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference
among the treatment groups. The expression level of Bax protein in testes from the treatment groups was significantly lower than
that in the positive control group (P < 0.05), while the expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly higher than that in the positive
control group (P < 0.05); however, there was no statistically significant difference among the treatment groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: CMSP has no obvious toxicity to the reproductive system of male mice.