Synthesis,Surface Activity,and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Hydrogenated Cardanol-Derived Positively Charged Asymmetric Gemini Surfactants |
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Authors: | Mengen Huang Jingyi Ma Xunshen Wu Min Zhao Limin Wang Fei Che Hui Qian |
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Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237 P. R. China;2. School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237 P. R. China;3. Shanghai Bronkow Chemical Co., Ltd., Chuangtong Road 88, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201512 China |
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Abstract: | Nine different hydrogenated cardanol-based quaternary ammonium compounds including one conventional single-tale single-head surfactant, one bicephalic single-tale double-head surfactant, and seven asymmetric Gemini surfactants were synthetized using a simple process with high yields. Their structures were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectral studies. Their surface active properties were evaluated by the wilhelmy plate method at 25 °C and physical parameters like CMC, γCMC, πCMC, C20, τCMC, and Amin were calculated. The Krafft temperature values of C-BP-1, C-BP-4, and C-BP-6 are lower than 0 °C, suggesting high-potential industrial application. All synthesized compounds but C-BP-F exhibit great antimicrobial ability against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus ATCC 25923] and C. glutamicum ATCC 13032]) while inadequate antimicrobial ability against Gram negative strains (E. coli ATCC 25922] and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853]). |
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Keywords: | Cardanol Quaternary ammonium compound Gemini surfactant Antimicrobial agent |
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